APS-C (Advanced Photo System type-C) refers to a specific size of image sensor used in many digital cameras, particularly in consumer and enthusiast-level digital single-lens reflex (DSLR) and mirrorless interchangeable lens cameras (ILCs). The APS-C sensor size is named after the Advanced Photo System film format, and it has become a popular choice due to its balance between image quality, camera size, and cost.
Key features of APS-C sensors:
- Size:
- APS-C sensors have dimensions that are approximately 22.2 x 14.8 millimeters. The exact dimensions can vary slightly among different manufacturers, but they are generally in this range. APS-C sensors are smaller than full-frame sensors but larger than Micro Four Thirds sensors.
- Crop Factor:
- The APS-C sensor size results in a crop factor when compared to a full-frame sensor. The crop factor varies, but it is typically around 1.5x to 1.6x. This means that the field of view of a lens mounted on an APS-C camera is narrower compared to the same lens on a full-frame camera.
- Effective Focal Length:
- Due to the crop factor, lenses used on APS-C cameras effectively have a longer focal length compared to their labeled focal length. For example, a 50mm lens on an APS-C camera with a 1.5x crop factor provides a field of view similar to that of a 75mm lens on a full-frame camera.
- Depth of Field:
- APS-C sensors exhibit a deeper depth of field compared to larger sensors like full-frame sensors. This can be advantageous in certain situations, providing more extensive areas in focus.
- Camera Size and Weight:
- Cameras with APS-C sensors are often more compact and lighter than their full-frame counterparts. This makes APS-C cameras popular among enthusiasts, travelers, and those who prioritize portability.
- Cost-Effectiveness:
- APS-C cameras and lenses are generally more cost-effective than their full-frame counterparts. This makes them an attractive option for photographers who want good image quality without the higher price associated with full-frame systems.
- Versatility:
- APS-C cameras are versatile and suitable for a wide range of photography styles, including landscape, portrait, sports, and wildlife photography. The crop factor can be advantageous for telephoto reach in wildlife and sports photography.
- Popular Mounts:
- Different camera manufacturers use various lens mounts for their APS-C cameras. Some popular APS-C camera systems include Canon’s EOS M series, Nikon’s DX format, Sony’s E-mount APS-C cameras, Fujifilm’s X series, and others.
- Image Quality:
- APS-C sensors offer good image quality with sufficient resolution for many applications. Advances in sensor technology have led to improvements in low-light performance and dynamic range in APS-C cameras.
- Common Sensor for Mirrorless Cameras:
- APS-C sensors are commonly found in mirrorless interchangeable lens cameras (ILCs), contributing to the compact form factor of many mirrorless camera systems.
Overall, APS-C cameras strike a balance between performance, size, and cost, making them a popular choice for photographers who want a versatile and portable camera system without the larger size and price associated with full-frame systems.