A web browser is a software application that allows users to access and interact with websites on the internet. It serves as a gateway to the World Wide Web, enabling users to retrieve and display information from web servers.

Common Web Browsers

1. Google Chrome: Known for its speed, simplicity, and vast extensions library.
2. Mozilla Firefox: Focuses on privacy and customization.
3. Microsoft Edge: Based on Chromium, integrates well with Windows.
4. Safari: Apple’s browser, optimized for macOS and iOS.
5. Opera: Includes features like a built-in VPN and ad blocker.
6. Brave: Prioritizes privacy with ad and tracker blocking.

Key Features of Web Browsers

• Address Bar/Omnibox: Enter website URLs or search terms.
• Tabs: Open multiple websites in a single window.
• Bookmarks: Save frequently visited websites for quick access.
• Extensions/Add-ons: Enhance functionality (e.g., password managers, ad blockers).
• Incognito/Private Mode: Browse without saving history or cookies.
• Synchronization: Sync bookmarks, history, and settings across devices.

How a Web Browser Works

1. User Request: You enter a URL (e.g., www.example.com) in the address bar.
2. DNS Lookup: The browser retrieves the IP address of the server hosting the website.
3. HTTP/HTTPS Request: The browser sends a request to the server for the webpage.
4. Rendering: The server sends back the webpage, and the browser renders the content (HTML, CSS, JavaScript) on the screen.