A transmitter is an electronic device that generates and emits radio waves, infrared signals, or other electromagnetic radiation to carry information (audio, video, data) from a source to a receiver. It encodes input signals into transmittable formats and broadcasts them via antennas or wired connections.
Core Components
- Oscillator: Creates the carrier wave (fixed frequency).
- Modulator: Embeds data onto the wave (AM/FM, digital).
- Amplifier: Boosts signal strength for transmission.
- Antenna: Radiates the signal into air/space.
Types of Transmitters
| Type | Function | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Radio Transmitter | Broadcasts AM/FM signals | FM radio stations |
| TV Transmitter | Sends analog/digital TV | ATSC 3.0 broadcast towers |
| Wi-Fi Router | Transmits 2.4GHz/5GHz data | ASUS RT-AX88U |
| RFID Transponder | Powers passive tags | Inventory tracking systems |
| Optical Transmitter | Uses light (fiber/Li-Fi) | Fiber-optic transceivers |
Key Applications
- Broadcasting: TV/radio stations, satellite communications.
- Wireless Networks: Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, 5G cellular.
- Remote Control: Drones, RC cars, garage door openers.
- Telemetry: Sends sensor data from spacecraft/weather balloons.
Technical Specs Explained
- Frequency Range: Determines compatibility (e.g., 88–108MHz for FM radio).
- Power Output: Watts (W) define range (1W=short-range; 50W+=long-distance).
- Modulation:
- Analog: AM (amplitude), FM (frequency).
- Digital: QAM, OFDM (efficient for HD video).
Glossary Definition
Transmitter: A hardware device that converts input signals into electromagnetic waves for wireless or wired communication. Critical for broadcasting, networking, and IoT, with variants tailored to specific frequencies/power needs.
Related Terms: Receiver, Transceiver, Modulation, Carrier Wave.